A foreign energy company installs waste heat recovery equipment at an Egyptian petroleum facility. The installation is completed on schedule. The commercial deliverables under the partnership agreement are met. The equipment performs as specified. Both parties consider the engagement a success. What neither party addressed is that the installation altered the facility's electricity generation profile. [...]

A foreign technology company deploys a team of engineers at an Egyptian petroleum facility. The engineers work on-site for six months — installing equipment, commissioning systems, running tests. They consume electricity throughout. The facility's management never raises the issue. The commercial contract says nothing about it. Two years later, the Egyptian prosecutor's office opens an [...]

A European company wins a contract to install waste heat recovery systems at an Egyptian petroleum facility. The equipment is commissioned. It begins generating electricity from thermal waste that would otherwise be lost. The facility's energy costs drop. Both parties are satisfied. Six months later, the Egyptian regulatory authority opens an inquiry. The company has [...]